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ir    
n. 红外

红外

Ir
n 1: a heavy brittle metallic element of the platinum group;
used in alloys; occurs in natural alloys with platinum or
osmium [synonym: {iridium}, {Ir}, {atomic number 77}]
2: a board of the British government that administers and
collects major direct taxes [synonym: {Inland Revenue}, {IR}]



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  • Simulants, Moissanite and Lab-Grown Diamonds. - GIA 4Cs
    GIA scientists publish the first scientific study of laboratory-grown diamonds in 1971 Mid-1980s: Manufacturers grow commercial quantities of gem-quality laboratory-grown diamond crystals These lab-created diamonds are initially mostly small and yellowish or brownish in color, but their quality improves over the ensuing decades
  • Lab-Grown Diamond Jewelry | What are Synthetic Diamonds? | GIA
    Many major retailers offer colorless laboratory-grown diamonds, and Lightbox, part of the De Beers Group, offers a line of colorless, pink and blue lab-grown diamond jewelry, with each diamond marked to identify it as lab-grown
  • Colored Diamonds: Diamond Grading Reports | GIA 4Cs
    Laboratory-grown diamonds are manufactured using advanced technology Differentiating them from natural diamonds requires specialized testing and analysis because they have essentially the same visual and physical characteristics as natural diamonds
  • Pink Diamond Engagement Ring Buying Guide - GIA 4Cs
    Explore our pink diamond engagement ring buying guide, covering rarity, symbolism, origins, grading, care, and both natural and lab-grown options to ensure you're well-informed
  • Cruise Ship Shopping: Tips for Buying Gems and Jewelry - GIA 4Cs
    Diamond treatments are processes used to improve a diamond’s color or clarity Lab grown diamonds are man-made diamonds, grown in a laboratory or factory Diamond simulants are imitations that may look like diamonds but do not have the same chemical, physical and optical properties Examples are cubic zirconia (CZ) and moissanite
  • More Info About Laboratory-Grown Diamonds - GIA 4Cs
    A Laboratory-Grown Diamond is man-made, the result of a technological process, as opposed to the geological process that creates natural diamonds Laboratory-grown diamonds have essentially the same chemical composition, crystal structure, optical, and physical properties of diamonds found in nature
  • What is Diamond Color What it Means | GIA 4Cs
    Color is relative And before we created a universal grading scale, so was the language that surrounded diamond color From letters, to numbers, Roman numerals, and even terms like “blue white” were used, causing misunderstanding, misinterpretations, and in some cases, misrepresentations of diamond color Today, the D-to-Z diamond color scale as followed by the GIA laboratory is regarded
  • Diamonds vs. Pearls | What’s the Difference? | GIA 4Cs
    Conversely, lab-grown diamonds, created in controlled laboratory or factory environments, are generally less expensive because they are more readily available Natural pearls are among the rarest gems in the world, as finding high-quality natural pearls in the wild is becoming increasingly difficult Most pearls available today are cultured
  • What is a GIA Diamond? | Trusted Diamond Grading | GIA 4Cs
    What is a GIA Diamond? As mentioned above, “GIA diamond” is really a shorthand diamond sellers use to describe diamonds that have been graded by GIA GIA is an independent, nonprofit organization that conducts gem research, educates jewelry professionals, and sets the standards for determining gemstone quality
  • What Are Simulated Diamonds? | Diamond Simulants | GIA
    Simulated diamonds — or diamond simulants — may look like diamonds, but they don’t have the same chemical, physical and optical properties If you’re shopping for a diamond imitation, make sure you know the unique characteristics of the stone you are getting What materials are used as diamond simulants? Both laboratory-grown gems (also called “synthetic” gems) and natural gems





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