gall 音标拼音: [g'ɔl]
n . 胆囊,胆汁,五倍子,苦味,肿痛,恼怒,磨损处
vt . 烦恼,屈辱,磨伤
vi . 被磨伤
胆囊,胆汁,五倍子,苦味,肿痛,恼怒,磨损处烦恼,屈辱,磨伤被磨伤
gall n 1 :
an open sore on the back of a horse caused by ill -
fitting or badly adjusted saddle [
synonym : {
saddle sore }, {
gall }]
2 :
a skin sore caused by chafing 3 :
abnormal swelling of plant tissue caused by insects or microorganisms or injury 4 :
a feeling of deep and bitter anger and ill -
will [
synonym :
{
resentment }, {
bitterness }, {
gall }, {
rancor }, {
rancour }]
5 :
a digestive juice secreted by the liver and stored in the gallbladder ;
aids in the digestion of fats [
synonym : {
bile },
{
gall }]
6 :
the trait of being rude and impertinent ;
inclined to take liberties [
synonym : {
crust }, {
gall }, {
impertinence }, {
impudence },
{
insolence }, {
cheekiness }, {
freshness }]
v 1 :
become or make sore by or as if by rubbing [
synonym : {
chafe },
{
gall }, {
fret }]
2 :
irritate or vex ; "
It galls me that we lost the suit " [
synonym :
{
gall }, {
irk }]
Gall \
Gall \ (
g [
add ]
l ),
n .[
OE .
galle ,
gal ,
AS .
gealla ;
akin to D .
gal ,
OS . &
OHG .
galla ,
Icel .
gall ,
SW .
galla ,
Dan .
galde ,
L .
fel ,
Gr . ?,
and prob .
to E .
yellow . [
root ]
49 .
See {
Yellow },
and cf . {
Choler }]
1 . (
Physiol .)
The bitter ,
alkaline ,
viscid fluid found in the gall bladder ,
beneath the liver .
It consists of the secretion of the liver ,
or bile ,
mixed with that of the mucous membrane of the gall bladder .
[
1913 Webster ]
2 .
The gall bladder .
[
1913 Webster ]
3 .
Anything extremely bitter ;
bitterness ;
rancor .
[
1913 Webster ]
He hath . . .
compassed me with gall and travail .
--
Lam .
iii .
5 .
[
1913 Webster ]
Comedy diverted without gall . --
Dryden .
[
1913 Webster ]
4 .
Impudence ;
brazen assurance . [
Slang ]
[
1913 Webster ]
{
Gall bladder } (
Anat .),
the membranous sac ,
in which the bile ,
or gall ,
is stored up ,
as secreted by the liver ;
the cholecystis .
See Illust .
of Digestive apparatus .
{
Gall duct },
a duct which conveys bile ,
as the cystic duct ,
or the hepatic duct .
{
Gall sickness },
a remitting bilious fever in the Netherlands . --
Dunglison .
{
Gall of the earth } (
Bot .),
an herbaceous composite plant with variously lobed and cleft leaves ,
usually the {
Prenanthes serpentaria }.
[
1913 Webster ]
Gall \
Gall \,
v .
i .
To scoff ;
to jeer . [
R .] --
Shak .
[
1913 Webster ]
Gall \
Gall \,
v .
t . (
Dyeing )
To impregnate with a decoction of gallnuts . --
Ure .
[
1913 Webster ]
Gall \
Gall \,
v .
t . [
imp . &
p .
p . {
Galled } (
g [
add ]
ld );
p .
pr . &
vb .
n . {
Galling }.] [
OE .
gallen ;
cf .
F .
galer to scratch ,
rub ,
gale scurf ,
scab ,
G .
galle a disease in horses '
feet ,
an excrescence under the tongue of horses ;
of uncertain origin .
Cf . {
Gall }
gallnut .]
1 .
To fret and wear away by friction ;
to hurt or break the skin of by rubbing ;
to chafe ;
to injure the surface of by attrition ;
as ,
a saddle galls the back of a horse ;
to gall a mast or a cable .
[
1913 Webster ]
I am loth to gall a new -
healed wound . --
Shak .
[
1913 Webster ]
2 .
To fret ;
to vex ;
as ,
to be galled by sarcasm .
[
1913 Webster ]
They that are most galled with my folly ,
They most must laugh . --
Shak .
[
1913 Webster ]
3 .
To injure ;
to harass ;
to annoy ;
as ,
the troops were galled by the shot of the enemy .
[
1913 Webster ]
In our wars against the French of old ,
we used to gall them with our longbows ,
at a greater distance than they could shoot their arrows . --
Addison .
[
1913 Webster ]
Gall \
Gall \,
n .
A wound in the skin made by rubbing .
[
1913 Webster ]
Gall \
Gall \ (
g [
add ]
l ),
n . [
F .
galle ,
noix de galle ,
fr .
L .
galla .] (
Zool .)
An excrescence of any form produced on any part of a plant by insects or their larvae .
They are most commonly caused by small Hymenoptera and Diptera which puncture the bark and lay their eggs in the wounds .
The larvae live within the galls .
Some galls are due to aphids ,
mites ,
etc .
See {
Gallnut }.
[
1913 Webster ]
Note :
The galls ,
or gallnuts ,
of commerce are produced by insects of the genus {
Cynips },
chiefly on an oak ({
Quercus infectoria }
syn . {
Quercus Lusitanica })
of Western Asia and Southern Europe .
They contain much tannin ,
and are used in the manufacture of that article and for making ink and a black dye ,
as well as in medicine .
[
1913 Webster ]
{
Gall insect } (
Zool .),
any insect that produces galls .
{
Gall midge } (
Zool .),
any small dipterous insect that produces galls .
{
Gall oak },
the oak ({
Quercus infectoria })
which yields the galls of commerce .
{
Gall of glass },
the neutral salt skimmed off from the surface of melted crown glass ;-
called also {
glass gall }
and {
sandiver }. --
Ure .
{
Gall wasp }. (
Zool .)
See {
Gallfly }.
[
1913 Webster ]
369 Moby Thesaurus words for "
gall ":
ablate ,
abrade ,
abrase ,
abrasion ,
acerbity ,
acid ,
acidity ,
acidulousness ,
acridity ,
acridness ,
acrimony ,
afflict ,
affliction ,
aggravate ,
aggravation ,
agonize ,
ail ,
anger ,
animosity ,
annoy ,
annoyance ,
arouse ,
arrogance ,
asperity ,
astringence ,
astringency ,
audacity ,
autacoid ,
bad humor ,
bad temper ,
badger ,
balls ,
bark ,
bedevil ,
bile ,
bilge ,
biliousness ,
bite ,
bitter cup ,
bitter draft ,
bitter draught ,
bitter pill ,
bitter resentment ,
bitterness ,
bitterness of spirit ,
blain ,
bleb ,
blemish ,
blister ,
blob ,
bloody ,
boss ,
bother ,
bow ,
brashness ,
brass ,
brazen boldness ,
brazenness ,
break ,
bubble ,
bulb ,
bulge ,
bulla ,
bump ,
bunch ,
burden ,
burden of care ,
burl ,
burn ,
burn up ,
button ,
cahot ,
cankerworm of care ,
care ,
causticity ,
causticness ,
chafe ,
chalone ,
check ,
cheek ,
chide ,
chine ,
chip ,
choler ,
chutzpah ,
claw ,
clump ,
conceit ,
concussion ,
condyle ,
confidence ,
convex ,
convulse ,
corrosiveness ,
crack ,
crackle ,
craze ,
cross ,
crown of thorns ,
crucify ,
crust ,
curse ,
cut ,
digestive secretion ,
discontent ,
distress ,
disturb ,
dowel ,
ear ,
effrontery ,
embitterment ,
encumbrance ,
endocrine ,
enrage ,
erase ,
erode ,
exacerbate ,
exacerbation ,
exasperate ,
exasperation ,
excoriate ,
excruciate ,
exercise ,
face ,
fester ,
file ,
flange ,
flap ,
flash burn ,
fracture ,
fray ,
frazzle ,
fret ,
front ,
gall and wormwood ,
gash ,
gastric juice ,
get ,
give pain ,
gnarl ,
gnashing of teeth ,
gnaw ,
gnaw away ,
goad ,
grate ,
grate on ,
gravel ,
graze ,
grievance ,
grind ,
gripe ,
grit ,
guts ,
handle ,
harass ,
hard feelings ,
harrow ,
harry ,
harshness ,
haughtiness ,
heartburning ,
hector ,
heroics ,
hill ,
hormone ,
hubris ,
hump ,
hunch ,
hurt ,
ill humor ,
ill nature ,
ill temper ,
impertinence ,
improvidence ,
imprudence ,
impudence ,
incense ,
incise ,
incision ,
indiscretion ,
inflame ,
inflict pain ,
infliction ,
infuriate ,
injudiciousness ,
injure ,
injury ,
insolence ,
intestinal juice ,
irk ,
irritant ,
irritate ,
irritation ,
jog ,
joggle ,
kill by inches ,
knob ,
knot ,
knur ,
knurl ,
lacerate ,
laceration ,
lesion ,
lip ,
load ,
loftiness ,
loop ,
lordliness ,
lump ,
maim ,
make mincemeat of ,
martyr ,
martyrize ,
maul ,
mole ,
mordacity ,
mortal wound ,
mountain ,
moxie ,
mucus ,
mutilate ,
mutilation ,
nag ,
needle ,
nerve ,
nettle ,
nevus ,
nip ,
nub ,
nubbin ,
nubble ,
nuisance ,
oppression ,
overbearance ,
overboldness ,
overcarelessness ,
overconfidence ,
oversureness ,
overweeningness ,
pack of troubles ,
pain ,
pancreatic juice ,
papilloma ,
peck of troubles ,
peg ,
pester ,
pierce ,
pinch ,
plague ,
poison ,
pomposity ,
presumption ,
prick ,
pride ,
priggishness ,
prolong the agony ,
prostatic fluid ,
provocation ,
provoke ,
puncture ,
pungency ,
put to torture ,
rack ,
rancidity ,
rancidness ,
rancor ,
rankle ,
rankling ,
rashness ,
rasp ,
raze ,
rend ,
rent ,
rheum ,
rib ,
ridge ,
rile ,
ring ,
rip ,
roil ,
rub ,
rub away ,
rub off ,
rub out ,
ruffle ,
run ,
rupture ,
salivary secretion ,
sauce ,
sauciness ,
savage ,
scald ,
scorch ,
score ,
scotch ,
scour ,
scrape ,
scratch ,
scrub ,
scuff ,
sea of troubles ,
second -
degree burn ,
self -
importance ,
semen ,
set on edge ,
sharpness ,
shoulder ,
skin ,
slash ,
slit ,
slow burn ,
smugness ,
sore ,
sore spot ,
soreness ,
sorrow ,
sourness ,
sperm ,
spine ,
spleen ,
sprain ,
stab ,
stab wound ,
stick ,
sting ,
strain ,
stud ,
style ,
tab ,
tartness ,
tear ,
tears ,
temerariousness ,
temerity ,
third -
degree burn ,
thorn ,
thyroxin ,
torment ,
torture ,
trauma ,
traumatize ,
trouble ,
tubercle ,
tubercule ,
tweak ,
twist ,
unchariness ,
unwariness ,
venom ,
venomousness ,
verruca ,
vesicle ,
vex ,
vexation ,
virulence ,
vitriol ,
wale ,
wart ,
waters of bitterness ,
wear ,
wear away ,
weight ,
welt ,
woe ,
worry ,
wound ,
wounds immedicable ,
wrench ,
wring Gall (
1 )
Heb .
mererah ,
meaning "
bitterness " (
Job 16 :
13 );
i .
e .,
the bile secreted in the liver .
This word is also used of the poison of asps (
20 :
14 ),
and of the vitals ,
the seat of life (
25 ).
(
2 .)
Heb .
rosh .
In Deut .
32 :
33 and Job 20 :
16 it denotes the poison of serpents .
In Hos .
10 :
4 the Hebrew word is rendered "
hemlock ."
The original probably denotes some bitter ,
poisonous plant ,
most probably the poppy ,
which grows up quickly ,
and is therefore coupled with wormwood (
Deut .
29 :
18 ;
Jer .
9 :
15 ;
Lam .
3 :
19 ).
Comp .
Jer .
8 :
14 ;
23 :
15 , "
water of gall ,"
Gesenius , "
poppy juice ;"
others , "
water of hemlock ," "
bitter water ."
(
3 .)
Gr .
chole (
Matt .
27 :
34 ),
the LXX .
translation of the Hebrew _rosh_ in Ps .
69 ;
21 ,
which foretells our Lord '
s sufferings .
The drink offered to our Lord was vinegar (
made of light wine rendered acid ,
the common drink of Roman soldiers )
"
mingled with gall ,"
or ,
according to Mark (
15 :
23 ), "
mingled with myrrh ;"
both expressions meaning the same thing ,
namely ,
that the vinegar was made bitter by the infusion of wormwood or some other bitter substance ,
usually given ,
according to a merciful custom ,
as an anodyne to those who were crucified ,
to render them insensible to pain .
Our Lord ,
knowing this ,
refuses to drink it .
He would take nothing to cloud his faculties or blunt the pain of dying .
He chooses to suffer every element of woe in the bitter cup of agony given him by the Father (
John 18 :
11 ).
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